Hadis Daif: Analisis Terhadap Amalan-Amalan Kerohanian Terpilih Masyarakat Melayu

Hadith Daif: An Analysis of The Selected Spiritual Practices of Malay Community

Abstract

Islam has reached the shore of Malaya circa hundreds of years ago and has been readily and warmly embraced by the Malay community of its teaching; by which the the Quran and Hadith are the paramount sources to refer to in governing muslim’s way of life. Despite the essence of Islamic teaching found in the Quran and Hadith, not all the hadiths that are commonly in use amongst the Malay community are authentic from the Prophet (PBUH) himself. This could be due to the fact that there are a few categories of hadith namely authentic, hasan and daif which respectively assign different status of authenticity of hadiths that were revolving in the Malay community. The spread of daif hadiths including fabricated ones had unfortunately been made the source of validation for certain type of worship practices among the muslim and specifically the Malays. The spread of such misinformation could cause the Malay Muslims to perform worship that is not according to hadiths authenticated by the Prophet (PBUH). Hence, it is feared that their practices strayed from the true teachings of Islam due to this misinformation. As such,this study shall discuss on matters related to daif hadiths, including their criteria based on the views of the selected Muslim scholars. This study will then highlight the various spiritual practices of the Malay community and analyze the practices based on the criteria given. The findings found that some spiritual practices of the Malay Muslim community are based on daif hadiths. Thus, Muslims must ensure that their practices are based on authentic and hasan hadiths. It is hoped that within this brief discussion, the status of some of the Islamic spiritual practices of the Malay community can be further clarified.
Keywords: hadith, daif, Malay, practice, spirituality

ABSTRAK

Penerimaan masyarakat Melayu terhadap Islam sejak awal kedatangannya ke alam Melayu memberi indikasi bahawa mereka secara umumnya bersedia mengikuti ajaran yang dibawa oleh Islam. Ajaran Islam secara eksklusifnya berteraskan al-Quran dan hadis sebagai tunjang utamanya. Justeru, umat Islam dituntut menjadikan al-Quran dan hadis sebagai sumber rujukan dalam menjalani kehidupan. Maka tidak hairanlah umat Islam memberi perhatian yang besar terhadap al-Quran dan hadis. Namun, hadis yang tersebar dalam kalangan masyarakat Melayu, tidak kesemuanya adalah sah sandarannya kepada Nabi SAW. Ini kerana daripada sudut pengkategoriannya, hadis Nabi SAW terbahagi kepada beberapa bahagian iaitu sahih, hasan dan daif. Penyebaran hadis daif termasuklah hadis palsu mengundang implikasi negatif kepada umat Islam umumnya dan masyarakat Melayu khususnya serta boleh menjurus pengamalan sesuatu ibadah yang tidak bersumberkan Rasulullah SAW secara sah. Lantaran itu, amalan mereka dikhuatiri tersasar daripada ajaran Islam yang tulen. Kajian ini membincangkan perkara yang berkaitan dengan hadis daif termasuklah kriteria-kriterianya berdasarkan pandangan beberapa tokoh hadis terpilih. Seterusnya kajian ini membuat sorotan terhadap beberapa amalan kerohanian terpilih masyarakat Melayu dan menganalisis amalan tersebut berdasarkan kriteria berkenaan. Dapatan kajian mendapati beberapa amalan kerohanian masyarakat Islam berlandaskan hadis daif. Justeru, umat Islam dituntut menjadikan hadis yang berstatus sahih dan hasan sebagai pegangan utama mereka dalam mempraktikkan amalan dalam Islam.