Sumbangan Ulama Mazhab Hanafi dalam Pembukuan ‘Ulum Al-Hadith

The Contribution of Hanafi’s Scholars in the Science of Hadith Collection

Abstract

The science of hadith discipline is a vital component in the field of hadith studies. According to historical records, a complete collection of this discipline had not happened in the golden age of Islam in the third-century Hijrah whereas disciplines such as jurisprudence, hadith, history and others had surpassed writing and collection phase. In this phase, the scholars involved in the collection process were of different educational backgrounds and jurisprudence schools. Every jurisprudence school had its scholars who had made substantial contributions to the collection of various Islamic studies disciplines. Similarly, in the development of the science of hadith discipline, a complete pilot collection of the discipline was in the fourth-century Hijrah. By looking at the contribution and influence of the jurisprudence schools in the development of the science of hadith discipline separately may not give an actual and accurate picture of the authors’ writing methodology. Thus, based on this notion, this research will analyse the extent of influence of the jurisprudence schools and the contribution of their scholars in the writing and collection of the science of hadith. Even so, this article will not discuss all of the jurisprudence schools. Among the four esteemed jurisprudence schools, this research focuses only on the Hanafi school as the research sample, due to it being one of the earliest schools and has a profound influence in the world of Islamic Studies. The research will intensively survey the contribution of Hanafi’s Scholars in the collection of the science of hadith discipline.

ABSTRAK

Disiplin ‘ulum al-hadith merupakan komponen terpenting di dalam bidang pengajian hadis. Bagaimanapun berdasarkan rekod sejarah, pembukuan disiplin ‘ulum al-hadith secara lengkap tidak berlaku di dalam zaman keemasan ilmu Islam, iaitu di dalam abad ketiga Hijrah. Sewaktu disiplin-disiplin pengajian Islam lain seperti fiqah, hadis, sejarah dan sebagainya telah pun merentasi fasa penulisan dan pembukuan. Fasa tersebut turut menyaksikan para ulama yang terlibat dalam proses pembukuan ini terdiri daripada pelbagai latar pendidikan dan mazhab fiqah. Sehingga didapati setiap mazhab fiqah mempunyai tokoh-tokohnya yang telah memberi sumbangan besar terhadap pembukuan pelbagai disiplin ilmu pengajian Islam. Demikian juga halnya dalam perkembangan disiplin ‘ulum al-hadith, yang mula dilihat pembukuan lengkapnya secara rintis di dalam abad keempat Hijrah. Bagi melihat perkembangan disiplin ‘ulum al-hadith ini secara terasing daripada sumbangan dan pengaruh mazhab fiqah mungkin tidak dapat memberi gambaran yang sebenar dan tepat mengenai metodologi penulisan para pengarangnya. Justeru berdasarkan lontaran ini, kajian akan cuba mengupas bagi melihat sejauhmana pengaruh mazhab fiqah dan sumbangan ulamanya di dalam penulisan dan pembukuan disiplin ‘ulum al-hadith. Walau bagaimanapun, di dalam artikel ini, tidak kesemua mazhab fiqah dibincangkan. Antara empat mazhab fiqah yang muktabar, kajian hanya memberi tumpuan kepada Mazhab Hanafi sahaja sebagai sampel kajian, memandangkan ia merupakan antara mazhab fiqah yang terawal dan mempunyai pengaruh yang cukup besar di dalam dunia keilmuan Islam. Kajian akan meninjau secara khusus terhadap sumbangan ulama Mazhab Hanafi dalam pembukuan disiplin ‘ulum al-hadith.