Penghujahan Hadis dalam Keputusan Baḥth al-Masā’il (Perbahasan Masalah Keagamaan) Nahdatul Ulama: Analisis terhadap Hadis-Hadis Bermasalah
Hadith Argument in the Result of Religious Problems Discussions in Nahdatul Ulama: An Analysis of the Problematic Hadiths
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.53840/hadis.v10i19.85Keywords:
Hujah, Hadis, Keputusan, Bahth al-Masa’il, Nahdatul UlamaAbstract
NU (Nahdatul Ulama) yang ditubuhkan pada tahun 1926 adalah salah satu organisasi Islam besar di Indonesia yang berkhidmat untuk menyelesaikan permasalahan yang dihadapi oleh umat Islam khususnya warga NU melalui satu proses ijtihad jama’i yang dinamakan Bahth al-Masa’il. Keputusan Bahth al-Masa’il yang ditetapkan sebelum tahun 1992 lebih banyak merujuk kepada pandangan ulama mazhab. Kemudian pada tahun 1992 NU menetapkan perlunya merujuk kepada sumber utama hukum Islam dengan menetapkan metode manhaji, yakni mengikut manhaj ulama mazhab dalam istinbat hukum. Maka sejak tahun 1994, NU sudah banyak menggunakan hadis sebagai hujah dalam fatwanya. Oleh itu, penulis tertarik untuk menganalisis hadis-hadis yang dijadikan hujah dalam keputusan Bahth al-Masa’il tahun 1994-1999 demi mengenal pasti kekuatan hujahnya. Kajian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dan data-data dianalisis dengan metode induktif dan deduktif. Dari empat puluh hadis yang dianalisis dalam kajian ini, didapati lapan hadis yang bermasalah. Satu hadis tidak diketahui sumbernya, satu hadis mawdu’, satu hadis daif jiddan dan lima hadis daif.
ABSTRACT
The NU (Nahdatul Ulama), founded in 1926, is one of the largest Islamic organizations in Indonesia that serves to resolve issues faced by Muslims especially those who are NU members through a collective ijtihad process called baḥth al-masā’il (Discussions of Religious Problems). The result of the baḥth al-masā’il that was set before 1992 refers more to the views of the schools of Islamic jurisprudence. Then in 1992, the NU decreed the need to refer to the main source of Islamic law by following the methodology of schools of thought in the istinbat of Islamic law. Since 1994, the NU has used many hadiths as an argument in its fatwa. Therefore, the authors are interested in analyzing the hadiths that were argued in the result of baḥth al-masā’il from the years 1994-1999 to identify the strength of the NU’s argument. This study applies qualitative methods and data were analysed based on the inductive and deductive methods. Out of the forty hadiths analyzed in this study, eight were found to be problematic hadiths. One hadith is unknown, one hadith is fabricated, one hadith is very weak and five hadiths are weak.
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