وصف الراوي بـ"الشيطان" وما اختلف فيه في الوصف عند النقاد
[The Description of a Narrator as ‘al-Shayṭān’ and the Differences among the Critics]
الكلمات المفتاحية:
الجرح والتعديل، لفظ الشيطان، أئمة النقاد، الثقات، الضعفاء.
الملخص
يهدف هذا البحث إلى دراسة أحد الألفاظ النادرة في علم الجرح والتعديل، وهو وصف الراوي بلفظ "الشيطان"، وذلك من خلال بيان دلالاته ومعانيه عند النقاد، ومدى اختلاف استعماله بين سياق الجرح وسياق التعديل. كما يتناول البحث حصر الرواة الذين أُطلق عليهم هذا الوصف، وتحليل المواقف النقدية المتعلقة بهم، للكشف عن أثر هذا اللفظ في الحكم على الرواية وقبولها أو ردها. وقد اعتمد الباحث المنهج الاستقرائي الشامل من خلال تتبع كتب الرجال وكتب الجرح والتعديل، إضافة إلى الدراسات العلمية المحكمة، للوصول إلى رؤية منهجية دقيقة حول هذا اللفظ. وتسعى هذه الدراسة إلى إثراء ميدان علم الجرح والتعديل من خلال تسليط الضوء على مصطلح نقدي قليل التداول، وبيان قيمته في التقييم النقدي للرواة.
التنزيلات
بيانات التنزيل غير متوفرة بعد.
المراجع
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Al-Awda, T. b. A. b. A. (2014). Wasf al-Naqid lil-Rawi bi Shaytan aw Jinni wa Dalalatihi 'ala al-Jarh aw al-Ta'dil (The Critic's Description of a Narrator as a Shaytan or Jinni and Its Implications for Jarh or Ta'dil). Majallat al-Dirasat al-Islamiyya (Journal of Islamic Studies), 26(2), Riyadh.
Al-Baghdadi, A. b. A. A. (n.d.). Tarikh Baghdad (The History of Baghdad). Beirut: Dar al-Kutub al-‘Ilmiyya.
Al-Dhahabi, M. b. A. b. U. (1985). Siyar A'lam al-Nubala (Biographies of the Noble Figures). Edited by Shu'aib al-Arna'ut et al. 3rd ed. Beirut: Mu'assasat al-Risala.
Al-Dhahabi, M. b. A. b. U. (1998). Tadhkirat al-Huffaz (The Memorandum of the Hadith Preservers). Annotated by Zakaria Umayrat. 1st ed. Beirut: Dar al-Kutub al-‘Ilmiyya.
Al-Duri, Q. A. R., Al-Alyan, R. M., & Al-Rawi, K. F. (2015). Ulum al-Hadith wa Nusous min al-Athar (The Sciences of Hadith and Texts from the Tradition). 1st ed. Beirut: Kitab Nashirun.
Al-Ghouri, S. A. (2012). Mu'jam al-Mustalahat al-Hadithiyya (Dictionary of Hadith Terminology). Selangor: Institute of Hadith Studies, Dar Al-Shakir.
Al-Hafiz, A. b. A. b. H. al-‘Asqalani (1986). Lisan al-Mizan (The Tongue of the Scale). Edited by Da'irat al-Ma'arif al-Nizamiyya. 3rd ed. Beirut: Mu'assasat al-A'lam al-Matbu'at.
Al-Jawzi, A. b. A. b. M. b. J. (1406 AH). Al-Du'afa' wa al-Matrukin (The Weak and Abandoned Narrators). Edited by Abdullah al-Qadi. Beirut: Dar al-Kutub al-‘Ilmiyya.
Al-Khamsan, A. bint F. b. B. (2022). Dalalat Alfaz al-Jarh wa al-Ta'dil al-Tajadhubiyya 'Ind al-A'imma al-Naqqad: Tawil al-Lisan, Shaytan - Anmudhajan (Analytical Comparative Study). Journal of Al-Baha University for Humanities, 8(30), July.
Al-Lalakai, A. b. H. b. M. al-Tabari al-Razi (2003). Sharh Usul I'tiqad Ahl al-Sunnah wa al-Jama'ah (Explanation of the Fundamentals of the Creed of the People of the Sunnah and the Community). Edited by Ahmad b. Sa'ad b. Hamdan al-Ghamdi. 8th ed. Saudi Arabia: Dar Taybah.
Al-Mizzi, Y. b. A. (1992). Tahdhib al-Kamal fi Asma' al-Rijal (The Refinement of Perfection in the Names of Men). Edited by Bashar ‘Awwad Ma'ruf. 1st ed. Beirut: Mu'assasat al-Risala.
Al-Otaibi, M. Z. (2021). Turuq Ma‘rifat Ma‘ani Alfaz al-Jarh wa al-Ta‘dil (Methods of Understanding the Meanings of Jarh and Ta‘dil Terms). Al-Fara'id Journal for Islamic and Arabic Studies, Al-Azhar University.
Al-Sa’d, M. b. S. b. M. (n.d.). Al-Tabaqat al-Kubra (The Great Classes). Beirut: Dar Sader.
Awad, M. A. (2024). Ba‘d Alfaz al-Jarh wa al-Ta‘dil al-Nadira wa al-Ruwat al-Mawsufun Biha (Some Rare Terms of Jarh and Ta‘dil and the Narrators Described by Them). Al-Qalam Journal for Humanities and Applied Sciences, 11(43), May-June.
Ibn Adi, A. b. A. al-Jurjani (1997). Al-Kamil fi Du'afa' al-Rijal (The Complete Work on Weak Narrators). Edited by Adel Ahmad Abdul-Mawjood, Ali Muhammad Mu'awwad, and Abd al-Fattah Abu Suna. 1st ed. Beirut: Dar al-Kutub al-‘Ilmiyya.
Ibn Hibban, M. b. H. b. A. (1975). Al-Thiqat (The Trustworthy Narrators). Edited by Al-Sayyid Sharaf al-Din. 1st ed. Beirut: Dar al-Fikr.
Malik ibn Anas ibn Malik ibn ‘Amir al-Asbahi al-Madani. (2004). Al-Muwatta (Edited by Muhammad Mustafa al-A‘zami). 1st ed. Abu Dhabi: Zayed Bin Sultan Al Nahyan Charitable and Humanitarian Foundation, Vol. 1, p. 242.
Websites
Almaany. (n.d.). Al-Shaytan. Retrieved May 16, 2025, from https://www.almaany.com/ar/dict/
Al-Sulaymani, M. (2009). Ma ma'na qawlihim: "Fulan la yusal 'anhu" wa "Fulan shaytan" wa "Fulan liss" wa "Fulan munkar"? Retrieved May 16, 2025, from https://sulaymani.net/?p=2106
Center for Computer Research in Islamic Sciences. (n.d.). Al-Shaytan. Retrieved May 16, 2025, from https://quran.inoor.ir/ar/propername/173
Habr Al-Islam. (2024, July). Mada Siha Qal Hammad bin Salamah: Abu Hanifa istaqbal al-athar wa al-sunan fa raddaha bi ra'yihi. Retrieved May 16, 2025, from https://www.islamink.com/2024/07/blog-post_33.html
Islamweb. (n.d.). Al-maqsood bi shayateen al-jinn wal-ins. Retrieved May 16, 2025, from https://www.islamweb.net/ar/fatwa/76822
Al-Ajlī, A. b. A. b. S. A. (1985). Ma'rifat al-Thiqat (The Knowledge of the Trustworthy). Edited by A. A. Al-Bastawi. Al-Madina al-Munawwara: Maktabat al-Dar.
Al-Awda, T. b. A. b. A. (2014). Wasf al-Naqid lil-Rawi bi Shaytan aw Jinni wa Dalalatihi 'ala al-Jarh aw al-Ta'dil (The Critic's Description of a Narrator as a Shaytan or Jinni and Its Implications for Jarh or Ta'dil). Majallat al-Dirasat al-Islamiyya (Journal of Islamic Studies), 26(2), Riyadh.
Al-Baghdadi, A. b. A. A. (n.d.). Tarikh Baghdad (The History of Baghdad). Beirut: Dar al-Kutub al-‘Ilmiyya.
Al-Dhahabi, M. b. A. b. U. (1985). Siyar A'lam al-Nubala (Biographies of the Noble Figures). Edited by Shu'aib al-Arna'ut et al. 3rd ed. Beirut: Mu'assasat al-Risala.
Al-Dhahabi, M. b. A. b. U. (1998). Tadhkirat al-Huffaz (The Memorandum of the Hadith Preservers). Annotated by Zakaria Umayrat. 1st ed. Beirut: Dar al-Kutub al-‘Ilmiyya.
Al-Duri, Q. A. R., Al-Alyan, R. M., & Al-Rawi, K. F. (2015). Ulum al-Hadith wa Nusous min al-Athar (The Sciences of Hadith and Texts from the Tradition). 1st ed. Beirut: Kitab Nashirun.
Al-Ghouri, S. A. (2012). Mu'jam al-Mustalahat al-Hadithiyya (Dictionary of Hadith Terminology). Selangor: Institute of Hadith Studies, Dar Al-Shakir.
Al-Hafiz, A. b. A. b. H. al-‘Asqalani (1986). Lisan al-Mizan (The Tongue of the Scale). Edited by Da'irat al-Ma'arif al-Nizamiyya. 3rd ed. Beirut: Mu'assasat al-A'lam al-Matbu'at.
Al-Jawzi, A. b. A. b. M. b. J. (1406 AH). Al-Du'afa' wa al-Matrukin (The Weak and Abandoned Narrators). Edited by Abdullah al-Qadi. Beirut: Dar al-Kutub al-‘Ilmiyya.
Al-Khamsan, A. bint F. b. B. (2022). Dalalat Alfaz al-Jarh wa al-Ta'dil al-Tajadhubiyya 'Ind al-A'imma al-Naqqad: Tawil al-Lisan, Shaytan - Anmudhajan (Analytical Comparative Study). Journal of Al-Baha University for Humanities, 8(30), July.
Al-Lalakai, A. b. H. b. M. al-Tabari al-Razi (2003). Sharh Usul I'tiqad Ahl al-Sunnah wa al-Jama'ah (Explanation of the Fundamentals of the Creed of the People of the Sunnah and the Community). Edited by Ahmad b. Sa'ad b. Hamdan al-Ghamdi. 8th ed. Saudi Arabia: Dar Taybah.
Al-Mizzi, Y. b. A. (1992). Tahdhib al-Kamal fi Asma' al-Rijal (The Refinement of Perfection in the Names of Men). Edited by Bashar ‘Awwad Ma'ruf. 1st ed. Beirut: Mu'assasat al-Risala.
Al-Otaibi, M. Z. (2021). Turuq Ma‘rifat Ma‘ani Alfaz al-Jarh wa al-Ta‘dil (Methods of Understanding the Meanings of Jarh and Ta‘dil Terms). Al-Fara'id Journal for Islamic and Arabic Studies, Al-Azhar University.
Al-Sa’d, M. b. S. b. M. (n.d.). Al-Tabaqat al-Kubra (The Great Classes). Beirut: Dar Sader.
Awad, M. A. (2024). Ba‘d Alfaz al-Jarh wa al-Ta‘dil al-Nadira wa al-Ruwat al-Mawsufun Biha (Some Rare Terms of Jarh and Ta‘dil and the Narrators Described by Them). Al-Qalam Journal for Humanities and Applied Sciences, 11(43), May-June.
Ibn Adi, A. b. A. al-Jurjani (1997). Al-Kamil fi Du'afa' al-Rijal (The Complete Work on Weak Narrators). Edited by Adel Ahmad Abdul-Mawjood, Ali Muhammad Mu'awwad, and Abd al-Fattah Abu Suna. 1st ed. Beirut: Dar al-Kutub al-‘Ilmiyya.
Ibn Hibban, M. b. H. b. A. (1975). Al-Thiqat (The Trustworthy Narrators). Edited by Al-Sayyid Sharaf al-Din. 1st ed. Beirut: Dar al-Fikr.
Malik ibn Anas ibn Malik ibn ‘Amir al-Asbahi al-Madani. (2004). Al-Muwatta (Edited by Muhammad Mustafa al-A‘zami). 1st ed. Abu Dhabi: Zayed Bin Sultan Al Nahyan Charitable and Humanitarian Foundation, Vol. 1, p. 242.
Websites
Almaany. (n.d.). Al-Shaytan. Retrieved May 16, 2025, from https://www.almaany.com/ar/dict/
Al-Sulaymani, M. (2009). Ma ma'na qawlihim: "Fulan la yusal 'anhu" wa "Fulan shaytan" wa "Fulan liss" wa "Fulan munkar"? Retrieved May 16, 2025, from https://sulaymani.net/?p=2106
Center for Computer Research in Islamic Sciences. (n.d.). Al-Shaytan. Retrieved May 16, 2025, from https://quran.inoor.ir/ar/propername/173
Habr Al-Islam. (2024, July). Mada Siha Qal Hammad bin Salamah: Abu Hanifa istaqbal al-athar wa al-sunan fa raddaha bi ra'yihi. Retrieved May 16, 2025, from https://www.islamink.com/2024/07/blog-post_33.html
Islamweb. (n.d.). Al-maqsood bi shayateen al-jinn wal-ins. Retrieved May 16, 2025, from https://www.islamweb.net/ar/fatwa/76822
منشور
2025-11-25
كيفية الاقتباس
Yama, P., & Sudi, S. (2025). وصف الراوي بـ"الشيطان" وما اختلف فيه في الوصف عند النقاد: [The Description of a Narrator as ‘al-Shayṭān’ and the Differences among the Critics]. HADIS, 15(30), 68-84. https://doi.org/10.53840/hadis.v15i30.311
القسم
Arabic
الحقوق الفكرية (c) 2025 HADIS
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