Penyelesaian Cabaran Privasi dan Keselamatan Data dalam Era Digital: Analisis Tematik Terhadap Hadis Sahih Muslim
Solutions to Privacy Challenges and Data Security in the Digital Era: A Thematic Analysis of Hadiths from Sahih Muslim
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.53840/hadis.vi.344Keywords:
Cabaran privasi, Keselamatan data, Era digital, Hadis, Sahih MuslimAbstract
Islam menegaskan prinsip pemeliharaan maruah dan kehormatan manusia sebagai asas kehidupan bermasyarakat sebagaimana yang terkandung dalam maqāṣid al-Qur’ān dan ditegaskan melalui pelbagai ayat yang melarang pencerobohan privasi serta menuntut penghormatan terhadap hak individu. Namun, dalam era digital masa kini, prinsip tersebut berhadapan cabaran besar apabila isu privasi dan keselamatan data menjadi semakin kritikal, termasuk peningkatan melampau kes kebocoran data, eksploitasi maklumat peribadi dan kelemahan tadbir urus siber. Beban permasalahan ini semakin ketara apabila kerangka undang-undang seperti PDPA masih memiliki kelompongan, manakala pendekatan akademik sedia ada lebih banyak bertumpu kepada model barat dan kurang mengintegrasikan nilai Islam sebagai lapisan etika pelengkap. Kekurangan kajian sistematik yang meneliti hadis-hadis Nabi SAW sebagai panduan etika digital turut mewujudkan jurang dalam usaha membangunkan solusi berasaskan wahyu. Sehubungan itu, artikel ini bertujuan menganalisis secara tematik hadis-hadis terpilih daripada Ṣaḥīḥ Muslim untuk merumuskan prinsip penyelesaian terhadap cabaran privasi dan keselamatan data. Kajian ini menggunakan metodologi kualitatif melalui analisis dokumen terhadap 10 hadis daripada Kitāb al-Birr wa al-Ṣilah wa al-Ādāb, meliputi larangan prasangka dan intipan, perlindungan terhadap maruah dan harta serta keutamaan menutup aib. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahawa hadis-hadis tersebut membentuk kerangka etika privasi yang menyeluruh, menegaskan penjagaan rahsia, pemeliharaan maruah dan kebertanggungjawaban dalam pengendalian maklumat sebagai asas utama. Prinsip-prinsip ini berpotensi menjadi asas penting dalam pembentukan garis panduan, polisi serta amalan keselamatan data dan teknologi digital termasuk kecerdasan buatan yang lebih beretika, holistik dan selaras dengan ajaran Islam.
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